The name Herod refers to several rulers in the New Testament, but Herod the Great is the best known. He was the Roman-appointed king of Judea at the time of Jesus' birth (Matthew 2, KJV). Although he was a skilled builder who expanded the Second Temple in Jerusalem, Herod became infamous for his jealousy and cruelty. After hearing from the wise men about the birth of the "King of the Jews," he ordered the massacre of the young children in Bethlehem in an attempt to kill the infant Jesus (Matthew 2:16–18, KJV). Warned by God in a dream, Joseph took Mary and Jesus to Egypt until Herod died, fulfilling Old Testament prophecy. The Herodian family continued to appear throughout the New Testament, but Herod the Great is remembered primarily for his opposition to the birth of Christ and his determination to protect his earthly throne at any cost.